Machu Picchu is located at 120 kilometers (75 miles) North-West of Cusco city,
at 2,400 meters (7,900 ft.) above sea level. The only ways to get there is by
train (4 hours) or walking. It isn't a road from Cusco to Machu Pichu only a
railroad along the narrow Vilcanota canyon.
The topography is amazing, steep mountains covered by tropical forests, it's
incredible how the Incas built temples and trails on the slopes of these mountains.
Machu Picchu is 1,000 meters (3,300 ft.) lower than Cusco city, that's why the environment
here is different. The cloud-forest that covers the steep
mountains around the citadel is habitat of an interesting wildlife that includes
the Andean bear and the cock-of the rock bird. The ruins and the surroundings are part of a
national park to protect the archaeological remains and the environment.
It's tropical, warm and sunny days and cool nights. It's very rainy between
December and March, but it's still wonderful. Bring a rain-jacket or
umbrella, and you will be fine.
The Inca citadel of
Machu Pichu is one of the world’s archaeological jewels and the main tourist
destination in Peru. Since
it was found by the North American explorer Hiram Bingham in 1911, it has not
stopped to surprise the world. The archeologists believe it was built in the
second half of the 15th century, but the function of it is still a mystery. It
has been proved that many people lived there, but only important people as
noblemen, priests and nuns. After the Spanish conquest, the Incas fled and
abandoned the citadel, and nobody else heard about it, not even the
Spaniards who never got there.
The
citadel is divided in 3 areas, two neighborhoods, and an agricultural sector,
that is a vast network of terraces and channels for its irrigation. The urban
sector is divided in 2 neighborhoods, in one of it are many temples, ritual
chambers and also the royal bedroom. In the second one are many houses for the
noblemen and their servants. Between both neighborhoods is a big plaza.
The
sceneries are outstanding, the citadel was built on top of a hill and it's
surrounded by big mountains. At feet of the mountains flows the Urubamba river,
and the sound of its water can be hear all around the citadel.
Perhaps the main attraction of the citadel is the degree of
technology that its builders achieved in stone work. The joins between the stones
in some of its buildings are so snug
that it’s impossible to insert even the tip of a needle between them. The most fascinating
stone is the
"Intihuatana" (hitching
post of the sun), which served as an astronomical calendar. Nevertheless,
more interesting is the energy and peace you feel when you get in this
mysterious place.